Web 2.0 is a description of a range of web services that collectively represents the ‘second version’ of the world wide web. It allows open communication with an emphasis on Web-based communities of users, and more open sharing of information. Websites have become much more dynamic and interconnected, producing "online communities" and making it even easier to share information on the Web. Because most Web 2.0 features are offered as free services, sites like Wikipedia and Facebook have grown at amazingly fast rates.
Services under Web 2.0 are Calendaring, E-mail, Search engine, RSS, Newsgroups/forums, Social bookmarking, Blogs, Online storage, Photo storage, Wiki, Instant messaging, VOIP (incl. video), Word processing, Spreadsheets, E-commerce etc.
The key features of Web 2.0 include:
- Folksonomy - free classification of information; allows users to collectively classify and find information (e.g. "tagging" of websites, images, videos or links)
- Rich user experience - dynamic content that is responsive to user input (e.g., a user can "click" on an image to enlarge it or find out more information)
- User participation - information flows two ways between site owner and site users by means of evaluation, review, and online commenting. Site users also typically create user-generated content for others to see (e.g., Wikipedia, an online encyclopedia that anyone can write articles for or edit)
- Software as a service (SaaS) - Web 2.0 sites developed APIs to allow automated usage, such as by a Web "app" (software application) or a mashup
- Mass participation - near-universal web access leads to differentiation of concerns, from the traditional Internet user base (who tended to be hackers and computer hobbyists) to a wider variety of users
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