XHTML syntax

XHTML syntax is very similar to HTML syntax and almost all the valid HTML elements are valid in XHTML as well. But when writing a new XHTML document following important points should be considered.

• Write a DOCTYPE declaration at the start of the XHTML document: The <!DOCTYPE> declaration must be the very first thing in your HTML document, before the <html> tag.The <!DOCTYPE> declaration is not an HTML tag; it is an instruction to the web browser about what version of HTML the page is written in.In HTML 4.01, the <!DOCTYPE> declaration refers to a DTD, because HTML 4.01 was based on SGML. The DTD specifies the rules for the markup language, so that the browsers render the content correctly.HTML5 is not based on SGML, and therefore does not require a reference to a DTD.
• Write all XHTML tags and attributes in lower case only.
• Close all XHTML tags properly.
• Nest all the tags properly.
• Quote all the attribute values.
• Replace the name attribute with the id attribute.

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